Early Modern Europe

Introduction Page
1. The Renaissance
   1. Why Italy?
   2. Early Italian Renaissance Art
   3. The High Renaissance
   4. The Renaissance of Letters
   5. Life in Renaissance Italy
   6. The Northern Renaissance
2. Europeans Explore
   1. New Technologies
   2. A Path to India
   3. The Fateful Journey of Christopher Columbus
   4. New World Conquest
   5. The Effects of Exploration
   6. Later Explorers
3. The Protestant Reformation
   1. Corruption in the Clergy
   2. Martin Luther's 95 Theses
   3. Henry VIII and the Anglican Divorce
   4. The Orthodoxy of John Calvin
   5. Other Protestant Movements
   6. The Catholics Strike Back
4. The Wars of Religion
   1. Elizabethan England
   2. Philip's Wars of Faith
   3. Philip vs. Elizabeth
   4. The Spanish Armada
   5. The Holy Roman Empire
   6. The Thirty Years' War
5. The Sun King Reigns in France
   1. Richelieu Sets the Stage
   2. The Boy King
   3. Louis Calls the Shots
   4. Life at Versailles
   5. The Twilight of the Sun King
6. Absolutism in the East
   1. The Austrian Hapsburgs
   2. The Rise of Prussia
   3. Peter the Great Leads Russia
   4. Peter's European Tour
   5. The Westernization of Russia
7. Constitutional Democracy Stirs
   1. Stuart Misrule
   2. The English Civil War
   3. Cromwell's Protectorate
   4. A King Restored
   5. The Glorious Revolution
   6. The Golden Age of the Dutch
8. Life in Early Modern Europe
   1. A Revolution in Agriculture
   2. Family Life
   3. Fashions of the Times
   4. Hunting Witches
   5. The Changing Status of Women
   6. The Baroque Era
9. The Scientific Revolution
   1. A New View of the World
   2. Galileo vs. the Church
   3. Newton Changes Everything
   4. Other Scientific Advances
10. The Age of Reason
    1. The Salons of Paris
    2. On Human Nature
    3. On Government
    4. The Life of Voltaire
    5. Other Enlightenment Thinkers
11. Revolution in France
    1. The Crumbling Old Regime
    2. The Tennis Court Oath
    3. The Storming of the Bastille
    4. Moderates Rule France
    5. The Execution of a King
    6. The Reign of Terror
12. The Age of Napoleon
    1. Napoleon's Early Career
    2. Napoleon Becomes Emperor
    3. France Under Napoleonic Rule
    4. The Downfall of Napoleon
    5. Return, Waterloo, and Exile