Arizona Science Standard 6: Earth and Space Science

Arizona Science Standards combine all grades from K to 12. Beyond Books resources currently cover grades 6-12. The correlations for the lower grades are included here as a service for our users.

Standard 6: Earth and Space Science

Students understand the composition, formative processes, and history of the earth, the solar systemand the universe.

READINESS (Kindergarten)
Students know and are able to do the following:

6SC-R1. Identify basic phenomena and changes in the sky (e.g., sunrise, moon, stars)

PO 1. Identify basic phenomena in the sky

PO 2. Describe changes that occur in the sky

PO 1. Demonstrate that the sun heats and lights the earth

PO 1. Identify basic weather phenomena (e.g., temperature, wind, precipitation)

PO 2. Explain how weather affects daily activities

PO 1. Identify basic earth materials

PO 2. Identify common uses of basic earth materials

6SC-F1. Describe the basic earth materials (rocks, soils, water and gases) and their physical properties

PO 1. Identify physical properties of earth materials

PO 2. Describe physical properties of earth materials

PO 1. Identify the planets of the solar system

PO 2. Describe the relationship of the planets to the sun

PO 1. Identify the seasons

PO 2. Describe the characteristics of each season

PO 1. Identify objects that move in the sky

PO 2. Describe patterns of change visible in the sky over time (e.g., seasonal position of the sun, constellations, the moon)

PO 3. Describe the patterns of movement of objects in the sky

PO 1. Identify natural forces (e.g., water, ice, wind) that shape the earth's surface

PO 2. Identify natural processes (e.g., weathering, erosion, global warming) that gradually shape the earth's surface

PO 3. Identify natural processes (e.g., earthquake, floods, volcanic eruptions) that rapidly shape the earth's surface

PO 1. Identify natural events that affect humans

PO 2. Explain how natural events impact human life

PO 1. Measure weather conditions (e.g., temperature, wind speed, rainfall)

PO 2. Record weather conditions

PO 3. Interpret changes in weather conditions

PO 1. Identify how fossils provide evidence about plants that lived long ago

PO 2. Identify how fossils provide evidence about animals that lived long ago

PO 3. Explain how fossils of plants and animals provide evidence about the nature of the environment at the time

6SC-E1. Describe and model the motion of earth in relation to the sun, including the concepts of day, night, season and year

(Grades 4-5)

PO 1. Distinguish between revolution and rotation

PO 2. Describe how the earth's movement, in relation to the sun, creates day and night

PO 1. Explain the motion of earth in relation to the sun, including the concepts of day, night, season and year
• Earth's Cycles: Rotation and Revolution AND ALL FOCUS TOPICS
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ear81/2.asp
  

(Grades 4-5)

PO 1. Describe common objects in the solar system

PO 2. Explain how objects in the solar system are related

PO 1. Describe common objects in the solar system, galaxy, and the universe

PO 2. Explain the relationship between common objects in the solar system, galaxy, and the universe

(Grades 4-5)

PO 1. Describe the layers of the earth and their compositions

PO 2. Explain how rocks, minerals and soil are formed

PO 1. Explain the processes involved in the formation of the earth's structure
• Earth's Structure AND ALL FOCUS TOPICS
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ear82/1.asp
  

(Grades 4-5)

PO 1. Describe how life has changed over time (geologic and recent)

PO 2. Describe how environmental conditions have changed over time (geologic and recent)

PO 1. Compare and contrast the life and environmental conditions within geological time periods
• Geologic History AND ALL FOCUS TOPICS
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ear82/10.asp
  

(Grades 4-5)

PO 1. Identify earth processes

PO 2. Compare the processes which affect the earth today with those that occurred in the past

PO 1. Interpret evidence that erosion, plate movement and changes in atmospheric composition as seen today also occurred in the past
• There's Something in the Air
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ear81/6a.asp
  
• Plate Tectonics AND ALL FOCUS TOPICS
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ear82/2.asp
  
• Weathering Processes
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ear82/8a.asp
  
• Geologic History AND ALL FOCUS TOPICS
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ear82/10.asp
  

(Grades 4-5)

PO 1. Explain how water is cycled in nature

PO 2. Identify the distribution of water on earth, underground and in the atmosphere

PO 1. Describe the role water plays within the operation of the earth
• The Water Cycle AND ALL FOCUS TOPICS
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ear81/3.asp
  
• Oceanography AND ALL FOCUS TOPICS
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ear81/4.asp
  
• Surface Water Systems AND ALL FOCUS TOPICS
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ear81/5.asp
  
• How's the Weather? AND ALL FOCUS TOPICS
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ear81/8.asp
  
• Taking Turns: Weather Patterns AND ALL FOCUS TOPICS
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ear81/9.asp
  

PO 2. Describe the movement of water on the earth
• The Water Cycle AND ALL FOCUS TOPICS
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ear81/3.asp
  
• Surf's Up! All About Waves
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ear81/4b.asp
  
• Current Events
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ear81/4c.asp
  

(Grades 4-5)

PO 1. Describe currents, waves, tides and ocean floor features

PO 2. Describe the basic characteristics of the earth's bodies of fresh water and salt water

PO 1. Describe the types of bodies of water and their physical characteristics
• Oceanography
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ear81/4.asp
  
• Oceanic Layers and Composition
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ear81/4a.asp
  
• Surface Water Systems AND ALL FOCUS TOPICS
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ear81/5.asp
  

PO 2. Describe the chemical characteristics of salt water and fresh water
• Oceanic Layers and Composition
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ear81/4a.asp
  
• Surface Water Systems
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ear81/5.asp
  

PO 3. Describe the physical characteristics of salt water and fresh water
• Oceanic Layers and Composition
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ear81/4a.asp
  
• Surface Water Systems
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ear81/5.asp
  

(Grades 4-5)

PO 1. Describe the differences between weather and climate

PO 2. Define basic terms associated with weather systems including fronts, pressure systems and types of clouds

PO 1. Create a weather system model

PO 2. Describe large-scale and local weather systems

• Earth's Climate AND ALL FOCUS TOPICS
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ear81/7.asp
  
• How's the Weather? AND ALL FOCUS TOPICS
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ear81/8.asp
  
• Taking Turns: Weather Patterns AND ALL FOCUS TOPICS
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ear81/9.asp
  
• Wild and Woolly Weather AND ALL FOCUS TOPICS
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ear81/10.asp
  

(Grades 4-5)

PO 1. Describe the properties and the composition of the layers of the atmosphere

PO 1. Create a model of the structure of the atmosphere
• Atmospheric Structure and Composition
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ear81/6.asp
  

(Grades 4-5)

PO 1. Explain the impact of technology on earth science

PO 2. Explain the impact of technology on space science

PO 1. Describe some technological advances that have impacted both earth and space science
• Tornadoes
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ear81/10b.asp
  

6SC-P1. Explain prominent scientific theories of the origin of: the universe (Big Bang Theory), the solar system (formation from a nebular cloud of dust and gas), and life forms (evolution)

PO 1. Describe the processes explained by prominent scientific theories of the origin of the universe

PO 2. Describe the processes explained by prominent scientific theories of the origin of the solar system

PO 3. Describe the processes explained by prominent scientific theories of the origin of life forms

PO 4. Relate physical laws to processes explained by prominent scientific theories of the origin of the universe, solar system, and life forms

PO 1. Describe how the earth's rotation causes day and night
• Night and Day
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ear81/2b.asp
  

PO 2. Describe how the earth's tilt on its axis and revolution around the sun cause changes in relative length of days and nights
• Night and Day
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ear81/2b.asp
  

PO 3. Describe how the earth's tilt on its axis and revolution around the sun cause changes in seasons
• The Reasons for Seasons
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ear81/2d.asp
  

PO 4. Describe the flow of energy to and from the earth based on its shape, tilt, rotation and revolution

PO 1. Describe the relationship between the earth's internal heat and plate tectonics
• The Mantle
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ear82/1c.asp
  

PO 2. Describe the relationships among earthquakes, volcanoes, mid-oceanic ridges, deep sea trenches and tectonic plates
• Plate Tectonics AND ALL FOCUS TOPICS
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ear82/2.asp
  
• Earthquakes AND ALL FOCUS TOPICS
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ear82/3.asp
  
• Volcanoes: Part 1 AND ALL FOCUS TOPICS
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ear82/4.asp
  
• Volcanoes: Part 2
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ear82/5.asp
  

PO 1. Provide evidence for changes in earth's geologic history, using data from relative age-dating techniques

PO 2. Provide evidence for changes in earth's geologic history, using data from absolute age-dating techniques

PO 3. Describe changes or relative constancy in earth's geologic history, using evidence gained through geologic dating techniques

PO 1. Describe the properties of water that make water a unique and essential substance

PO 2. Describe factors that impact water quality

• Surface Water Systems and Society
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ear81/5e.asp
  

PO 3. Describe factors that influence the reuse, recycling and conservation of water

PO 4. Predict future trends in water quality control and conservation, based on factors that influence water quality and usage

PO 1. Describe the processes involved in the water cycle
• The Water Cycle
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ear81/3.asp
  

PO 2. Describe the interactions between water and the biosphere
• Transpiration
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ear81/3f.asp
  

PO 3. Describe the interactions between water and the lithosphere
• Weathering and Soils AND ALL FOCUS TOPICS
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ear82/8.asp
  
• Surface Processes
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ear82/9.asp
  

PO 4. Describe the interactions between water and the atmosphere
• The Water Cycle
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ear81/3.asp
  
• Earth's Climate
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ear81/7.asp
  
• How's the Weather? AND ALL FOCUS TOPICS
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ear81/8.asp
  
• El Niņo
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ear81/9d.asp
  

PO 5. Compare the interactions between water and earth systems

PO 1. Analyze how weather and climate are influenced by heat transferred from the sun to the earth
• Earth's Climate
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ear81/7.asp
  
• Temperature Factors
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ear81/7b.asp
  
• Temperature
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ear81/8b.asp
  
• Solar Effects
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ear81/9b.asp
  

PO 2. Analyze how weather is influenced by both natural and artificial earth features (e.g., mountain ranges, cities, bodies of water)
• Climate Zones
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ear81/7a.asp
  
• Temperature Factors
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ear81/7b.asp
  
• Wind
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ear81/8c.asp
  

PO 3. Analyze how weather is influenced by both natural and artificial dynamic processes (e.g., sunspots, volcanoes, pollution, air and ocean currents)
• Current Events
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ear81/4c.asp
  
• Volcano: Friend or Foe?
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ear82/5e.asp
  
• Climatic Change
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ear81/7d.asp
  
• Pollution
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ear82/12c.asp
  

PO 4. Evaluate the effects of various weather factors on the environment and daily activities on earth
• Earth Science: Part 1 PROGRAM
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ear81/index.asp
  

6SC-D1. Identify and predict natural hazards, using historical data

6SC-D2. Analyze and evaluate prominent scientific theories of the origin of the universe

6SC-D3. Explain the geochemical cycle through the movement of matter as it exists in different chemical reservoirs

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