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Correlations to Standards by State by Academic Discipline

Arizona Science Standard 5: Physical Science

Arizona Science Standards combine all grades from K to 12. Beyond Books resources currently cover grades 6-12. The correlations for the lower grades are included here as a service for our users.

Standard 5 : Physical Science


Students understand the nature of matter and energy including their forms, the changes they undergo and their interactions.

READINESS (Kindergarten)
Students know and are able to do the following:

    5SC-R1. Compare objects in terms of common physical properties

    PO 1. Identify physical properties of objects (e.g., shape, texture, size, color)

    PO 2. Compare objects in terms of physical properties

FOUNDATIONS (Grades 1-3)
Students know and are able to do all of the above and the following:

5SC-F1. Create mixtures (e.g., salt and sand, iron filings and soil) and separate them based on differences in properties

    PO 1. Construct a mixture

    PO 2. Separate the mixture into original substances

5SC-F2. Demonstrate that light, heat, motion, magnetism and sound can cause changes

    PO 1. Demonstrate that light can cause change

    PO 2. Demonstrate that heat can cause change

    PO 3. Demonstrate that motion can cause change

    PO 4. Demonstrate that magnetism can cause change

    PO 5. Demonstrate that sound can cause change

5SC-F3. Demonstrate and explain that materials exist in different states (solid, liquid and gas) and can change from one to another

    PO 1. Identify the different states of matter

    PO 2. Demonstrate that matter can change and exist in one or more states

5SC-F4. Recognize that light travels in a straight line and can be reflected, refracted or absorbed

    PO 1. Demonstrate that light travels in a straight line

    PO 2. Demonstrate that light can be reflected

    PO 3. Demonstrate that light can be refracted

    PO 4. Demonstrate that light can be absorbed

ESSENTIALS (Grades 4-8)
Students know and are able to do all of the above and the following:

5SC-E1. Examine, describe, compare, measure, and classify objects and mixtures of substances based on common physical and chemical properties (e.g., states of matter, mass, volume, electrical charge, density, boiling points, pH, magnetism, solubility)

(Grades 4-5)

    PO 1. Identify common physical and chemical properties

    PO 2. Compare physical and chemical properties of common objects

    PO 3. Compare physical and chemical properties of common mixtures

(Grades 6-8)

5SC-E2. Classify and describe matter in terms of elements, compounds, mixtures, atoms and molecules

(Grades 4-5)

    PO 1. Distinguish among matter, mixtures and compounds

(Grades 6-8)

    PO 1. Classify matter in terms of elements, compounds, mixtures, atoms and molecules

    PO 2. Describe elements, compounds, mixtures, atoms and molecules as they relate to matter

5SC-E3. Show that energy exists in many forms and can be transferred in many ways

(Grades 4-5)

    PO 1. Identify various types of energy sources

    PO 2. Describe how energy is transferred

(Grades 6-8)

5SC-E4. Identify and predict what will change and what will remain unchanged when matter experiences an external force or energy change (e.g., boiling a liquid; comparing the force, distance and work involved in simple machines)

(Grades 4-5)

    PO 1. Define force

    PO 2. Describe the effects of various forces on an object

    PO 3. Describe how a change in energy will affect matter

(Grades 6-8)

    PO 1. Identify properties of matter that will/will not change when matter experiences external force or energy change

    PO 2. Predict the outcome when matter experiences an external force or energy change

5SC-E5. Describe, measure and calculate characteristics (e.g., speed, distance, mass, force, gravity) of moving objects and their interactions (e.g., force, velocity, acceleration, potential energy, and kinetic energy) within a system

(Grades 4-5)

    PO 1. Define terms associated with moving objects

    PO 2. Describe interactions of moving objects

(Grades 6-8)

PROFICIENCY (Grades 9-12)
Students know and are able to do all of the above and the following:

5SC-P1. Predict chemical and physical properties of substances (e.g., color, solubility, chemical reactivity, melting point, boiling point)

    PO 1. Describe physical and chemical properties that are used to characterize substances

    PO 2. Determine physical and chemical properties of a substance through observation, measurement and experimentation

    PO 3. Separate mixtures of substances based on their physical and chemical properties

5SC-P2. Describe and explain properties and composition of samples of matter, using models (including atomic and molecular structure and the periodic table)

    PO 1. Use models of atomic and molecular structure to explain properties of matter

    PO 2. Use the periodic table to predict properties of elements and compounds

    PO 3. Predict the properties of substances based upon ionic, covalent, or hydrogen bonding

5SC-P3. Identify, measure, calculate, and analyze qualitative and quantitative relationships associated with energy forms and energy transfer or transformation (e.g., changes in temperature, velocity, potential energy, kinetic energy, conduction, convection, radiation)

    PO 1. Identify qualitative and quantitative relationships associated with energy (e.g., heat, mechanical, electrical)

    PO 2. Measure quantitative (e.g., heat, mechanical, electrical) relationships associated with energy

    PO 3. Calculate quantitative relationships associated with energy (e.g., heat, mechanical, electrical)

5SC-P4. Observe, measure and calculate quantities to demonstrate conservation of matter and energy in chemical changes (e.g., acid base, precipitation, heat)

    PO 1. Use the law of conservation of matter to explain the quantitative relationships between reactants and products in chemical reactions

    • Reaction Types AND ALL FOCUS TOPICS
      http://www.beyondbooks.com/psc92/8.asp

    PO 2. Quantify the mass relationships between reactants and products in chemical reactions

    PO 3. Use the law of conservation of energy to explain the energy changes in chemical reactions

    PO 4. Quantify the energy changes in chemical reactions

5SC-P5. Describe and predict chemical reactions (including combustion and simple chemical reactions) and physical interaction of matter (including velocity, force, work and power), using words or symbolic equations

    PO 1. Express a chemical reaction by using a balanced equation

    PO 2. Predict the products of a chemical reaction using types of reactions (e.g., synthesis, decomposition, replacement, combustion)

    • Reaction Types AND ALL FOCUS TOPICS
      http://www.beyondbooks.com/psc92/8.asp

    PO 3. Describe physical interactions through use of word equations or formulae

    • Reaction Types AND ALL FOCUS TOPICS
      http://www.beyondbooks.com/psc92/8.asp

    PO 4. Predict the results of a physical interaction by using an algebraic formula

5SC-P6. Describe and explain physical interactions of matter and energy, using conceptual models (e.g., particle model for gaseous behavior)

5SC-P7. Demonstrate the understanding of gravitation as a universal force that each mass exerts on any other mass

    PO 1. Use the universal law of gravitation to predict how the gravity force changes with a change of distance and/or mass

5SC-P8. Demonstrate qualitative understanding of the 1st Law of Thermodynamics (conservation of matter and energy) and the 2nd Law of Thermodynamics (entropy)

    PO 1. Use the 1st Law of Thermodynamics to explain the energy changes in a physical system

    PO 2. Describe a sequence of events that illustrates the 2nd Law of Thermodynamics

DISTINCTION (Honors)
Students know and are able to do all of the above and the following:

5SC-D1. Relate their prior knowledge and understanding of properties of matter to observable characteristics of materials and emerging technologies (e.g., semiconductors, superconductors, photovoltaics, ceramics)

5SC-D2. Model quantitative aspects of chemical and physical interactions (e.g., rates of reactions, stoichiometry, electromagnetic phenomena, statics and dynamics, eletrochemistry)

5SC-D3. Apply knowledge and understanding of chemical and physical interactions (e.g., rates of reactions, stoichiometry, electromagnetic phenomena, statics and dynamics, electrochemistry)

5SC-D4. Describe the changes (e.g., mass-energy conversions) and predict products (e.g., particles, new elements) in nuclear reactions
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