New York Learning Standards for Science - Intermediate

Physical Setting

Students:

• explain daily, monthly, and seasonal changes on earth.
  • Earth's Cycles: Rotation and Revolution AND ALL FOCUS TOPICS
    http://www.beyondbooks.com/ear81/2.asp
    

2. Many of the phenomena that we observe on Earth involve interactions among components of air, water, and land.

Students:

• explain how the atmosphere (air), hydrosphere (water), and lithosphere (land) interact, evolve, and change.
  • The Water Cycle AND ALL FOCUS TOPICS
    http://www.beyondbooks.com/ear81/3.asp
    
  • Oceanography AND ALL FOCUS TOPICS
    http://www.beyondbooks.com/ear81/4.asp
    
  • Surface Water Systems AND ALL FOCUS TOPICS
    http://www.beyondbooks.com/ear81/5.asp
    
  • Atmospheric Structure and Composition AND ALL FOCUS TOPICS
    http://www.beyondbooks.com/ear81/6.asp
    
  • Earth's Climate AND ALL FOCUS TOPICS
    http://www.beyondbooks.com/ear81/7.asp
    
  • How's the Weather? AND ALL FOCUS TOPICS
    http://www.beyondbooks.com/ear81/8.asp
    
  • Taking Turns: Weather Patterns AND ALL FOCUS TOPICS
    http://www.beyondbooks.com/ear81/9.asp
    
  • Wild and Woolly Weather AND ALL FOCUS TOPICS
    http://www.beyondbooks.com/ear81/10.asp
    
  • Earth Science: Part 2 PROGRAM
    http://www.beyondbooks.com/ear82/index.asp
    

• describe volcano and earthquake patterns
  • Earthquakes AND ALL FOCUS TOPICS
    http://www.beyondbooks.com/ear82/3.asp
    
  • Volcanoes: Part 1 AND ALL FOCUS TOPICS
    http://www.beyondbooks.com/ear82/4.asp
    
  • Volcanoes: Part 2 AND ALL FOCUS TOPICS
    http://www.beyondbooks.com/ear82/5.asp
    

• the rock cycle
  • The Rock Cycle AND ALL FOCUS TOPICS
    http://www.beyondbooks.com/ear82/7.asp
    

• and weather and climate changes.
  • Earth's Climate AND ALL FOCUS TOPICS
    http://www.beyondbooks.com/ear81/7.asp
    
  • How's the Weather? AND ALL FOCUS TOPICS
    http://www.beyondbooks.com/ear81/8.asp
    
  • Taking Turns: Weather Patterns AND ALL FOCUS TOPICS
    http://www.beyondbooks.com/ear81/9.asp
    
  • Wild and Woolly Weather AND ALL FOCUS TOPICS
    http://www.beyondbooks.com/ear81/10.asp
    

3. Matter is made up of particles whose properties determine the observable characteristics of matter and its reactivity.

Students:

• observe and describe properties of materials, such as density, conductivity, and solubility.
  • Describing Matter
    http://www.beyondbooks.com/psc92/1b.asp
    
  • Precipitation
    http://www.beyondbooks.com/psc92/8d.asp
    

• distinguish between chemical and physical changes.
  • Describing Matter
    http://www.beyondbooks.com/psc92/1b.asp
    

• develop their own mental models to explain common chemical reactions and changes in states of matter.
  • What's the Matter?
    http://www.beyondbooks.com/psc92/1a.asp
    
  • Reaction Types AND ALL FOCUS TOPICS
    http://www.beyondbooks.com/psc92/8.asp
    
  • State and Phase Changes AND ALL FOCUS TOPICS
    http://www.beyondbooks.com/psc92/9.asp
    

4. Energy exists in many forms, and when these forms change energy is conserved.

Students:

• describe the sources and identify the transformations of energy observed in everyday life.
  • The Water Cycle
    http://www.beyondbooks.com/ear81/3.asp
    
  • Solar Effects
    http://www.beyondbooks.com/ear81/9b.asp
    
  • Energy and Organisms AND ALL FOCUS TOPICS
    http://www.beyondbooks.com/lif71/2.asp
    
  • Biochemical Reactions
    http://www.beyondbooks.com/lif71/3b.asp
    
  • Energy for Life AND ALL FOCUS TOPICS
    http://www.beyondbooks.com/lif71/6.asp
    

• observe and describe heating and cooling events.
  • State and Phase Changes AND ALL FOCUS TOPICS
    http://www.beyondbooks.com/psc92/9.asp
    

• observe and describe energy changes as related to chemical reactions.
  • Bond Energy
    http://www.beyondbooks.com/psc92/4b.asp
    
  • Biochemical Reactions
    http://www.beyondbooks.com/lif71/3b.asp
    
  • Photosynthesis
    http://www.beyondbooks.com/lif71/6b.asp
    
  • Comparing Photosynthesis and Respiration
    http://www.beyondbooks.com/lif71/6d.asp
    

• observe and describe the properties of sound, light, magnetism, and electricity.

• describe situations that support the principle of conservation of energy.
  • Metabolism
    http://www.beyondbooks.com/lif71/1b.asp
    

5. Energy and matter interact through forces that result in changes in motion.

Students:

• describe different patterns of motion of objects.

• observe, describe, and compare effects of forces (gravity, electric current, and magnetism) on the motion of objects.
  • Fly Me to the Moon
    http://www.beyondbooks.com/ear81/1e.asp
    

The Living Environment

Students:

• compare and contrast the parts of plants, animals, and one-celled organisms.
  • The Six Kingdoms
    http://www.beyondbooks.com/lif71/10c.asp
    
  • Bacteria and Viruses AND ALL FOCUS TOPICS
    http://www.beyondbooks.com/lif72/2.asp
    
  • Protists, Fungi, and the Origin of Multicellularity AND ALL FOCUS TOPICS
    http://www.beyondbooks.com/lif72/3.asp
    
  • Plants: Energy Converters AND ALL FOCUS TOPICS
    http://www.beyondbooks.com/lif72/4.asp
    
  • Invertebrate Animals: Rulers of the Animal Kingdom AND ALL FOCUS TOPICS
    http://www.beyondbooks.com/lif72/5.asp
    
  • Vertebrate Animals AND ALL FOCUS TOPICS
    http://www.beyondbooks.com/lif72/6.asp
    
  • Mammals 'R' Us AND ALL FOCUS TOPICS
    http://www.beyondbooks.com/lif72/7.asp
    
  • Human Biology AND ALL FOCUS TOPICS
    http://www.beyondbooks.com/lif72/8.asp
    

• explain the functioning of the major human organ systems and their interactions.
  • Human Biology AND ALL FOCUS TOPICS
    http://www.beyondbooks.com/lif72/8.asp
    

2. Organisms inherit genetic information in a variety of ways that result in continuity of structure and function between parents and offspring.

Students:

• describe sexual and asexual mechanisms for passing genetic materials from generation to generation.
  • Reproduction
    http://www.beyondbooks.com/lif71/1c.asp
    
  • Growth and Reproduction AND ALL FOCUS TOPICS
    http://www.beyondbooks.com/lif71/7.asp
    

• describe simple mechanisms related to the inheritance of some physical traits in offspring.
  • Genetics AND ALL FOCUS TOPICS
    http://www.beyondbooks.com/lif71/8.asp
    
  • DNA Upclose and Personal AND ALL FOCUS TOPICS
    http://www.beyondbooks.com/lif71/9.asp
    
  • Evolution: Populations in Motion AND ALL FOCUS TOPICS
    http://www.beyondbooks.com/lif72/1.asp
    

3. Individual organisms and species change over time.

Students:

• describe sources of variation in organisms and their structures and relate the variations to survival.
  • Evolution: Populations in Motion AND ALL FOCUS TOPICS
    http://www.beyondbooks.com/lif72/1.asp
    

• describe factors responsible for competition within species and the significance of that competition.
  • Abiotic Factors AND ALL FOCUS TOPICS
    http://www.beyondbooks.com/lif71/5.asp
    
  • Evolution: Populations in Motion AND ALL FOCUS TOPICS
    http://www.beyondbooks.com/lif72/1.asp
    
  • Ecology: Organisms and Their Environment AND ALL FOCUS TOPICS
    http://www.beyondbooks.com/lif72/9.asp
    

4. The continuity of life is sustained through reproduction and development.

Students:

• observe and describe the variations in reproductive patterns of organisms, including asexual and sexual reproduction.
  • Reproduction
    http://www.beyondbooks.com/lif71/1c.asp
    
  • Growth and Reproduction AND ALL FOCUS TOPICS
    http://www.beyondbooks.com/lif71/7.asp
    
  • Bacteria and Viruses AND ALL FOCUS TOPICS
    http://www.beyondbooks.com/lif72/2.asp
    
  • Protists, Fungi, and the Origin of Multicellularity AND ALL FOCUS TOPICS
    http://www.beyondbooks.com/lif72/3.asp
    
  • Plants: Energy Converters AND ALL FOCUS TOPICS
    http://www.beyondbooks.com/lif72/4.asp
    
  • Invertebrate Animals: Rulers of the Animal Kingdom AND ALL FOCUS TOPICS
    http://www.beyondbooks.com/lif72/5.asp
    
  • Vertebrate Animals AND ALL FOCUS TOPICS
    http://www.beyondbooks.com/lif72/6.asp
    
  • Mammals 'R' Us AND ALL FOCUS TOPICS
    http://www.beyondbooks.com/lif72/7.asp
    
  • Human Biology AND ALL FOCUS TOPICS
    http://www.beyondbooks.com/lif72/8.asp
    

• explain the role of sperm and egg cells in sexual reproduction.
  • Growth and Development
    http://www.beyondbooks.com/lif71/1d.asp
    
  • The Reproductive System
    http://www.beyondbooks.com/lif72/8g.asp
    

• observe and describe developmental patterns in selected plants and animals (e.g., insects, frogs, humans, seed-bearing plants).
  • Growth and Development
    http://www.beyondbooks.com/lif71/1d.asp
    
  • Protists, Fungi, and the Origin of Multicellularity AND ALL FOCUS TOPICS
    http://www.beyondbooks.com/lif72/3.asp
    
  • Plants: Energy Converters AND ALL FOCUS TOPICS
    http://www.beyondbooks.com/lif72/4.asp
    
  • Invertebrate Animals: Rulers of the Animal Kingdom AND ALL FOCUS TOPICS
    http://www.beyondbooks.com/lif72/5.asp
    
  • Vertebrate Animals AND ALL FOCUS TOPICS
    http://www.beyondbooks.com/lif72/6.asp
    
  • Mammals 'R' Us AND ALL FOCUS TOPICS
    http://www.beyondbooks.com/lif72/7.asp
    
  • Human Biology AND ALL FOCUS TOPICS
    http://www.beyondbooks.com/lif72/8.asp
    

• observe and describe cell division at the microscopic level and its macroscopic effects.
  • The Cell Cycle: From Yeast to You
    http://www.beyondbooks.com/lif71/7c.asp
    
  • Mitosis and Cytokinesis
    http://www.beyondbooks.com/lif71/7d.asp
    

5. Organisms maintain a dynamic equilibrium that sustains life.

Students:

• compare the way a variety of living specimens carry out basic life functions and maintain dynamic equilibrium.
  • What Is Life? AND ALL FOCUS TOPICS
    http://www.beyondbooks.com/lif71/1.asp
    
  • Regulation
    http://www.beyondbooks.com/lif72/7c.asp
    

• describe the importance of major nutrients, vitamins, and minerals in maintaining health and promoting growth and explain the need for a constant input of energy for living organisms.
  • Other Biotic Minerals
    http://www.beyondbooks.com/ear82/11d.asp
    
  • Energy for Life AND ALL FOCUS TOPICS
    http://www.beyondbooks.com/lif71/6.asp
    

6. Plants and animals depend on each other and their physical environment.

Students:

• describe the flow of energy and matter through food chains and food webs.
  • Metabolism
    http://www.beyondbooks.com/lif71/1b.asp
    
  • Ecosystems = Organized Energy Exchange
    http://www.beyondbooks.com/lif71/2a.asp
    
  • Energy Transformations
    http://www.beyondbooks.com/lif71/2d.asp
    
  • Nutrient Cycles
    http://www.beyondbooks.com/lif71/5d.asp
    
  • The Nitrogen Cycle
    http://www.beyondbooks.com/ear82/11a.asp
    
  • Other Biotic Minerals
    http://www.beyondbooks.com/ear82/11d.asp
    

• provide evidence that green plants make food and explain the significance of this process to other organisms.
  • Metabolism
    http://www.beyondbooks.com/lif71/1b.asp
    
  • Photosynthesis
    http://www.beyondbooks.com/lif71/6b.asp
    
  • Here Comes the Sun
    http://www.beyondbooks.com/ear81/1c.asp
    
  • Oceanic Layers and Composition
    http://www.beyondbooks.com/ear81/4a.asp
    
  • Lakes, Swamps, and Marshes
    http://www.beyondbooks.com/ear81/5a.asp
    

7. Human decisions and activities have had a profound impact on the physical and living environment.

Students:

• describe how living things, including humans, depend upon the living and nonliving environment for their survival.
  • Abiotic Factors AND ALL FOCUS TOPICS
    http://www.beyondbooks.com/lif71/5.asp
    
  • Ecology: Organisms and Their Environment AND ALL FOCUS TOPICS
    http://www.beyondbooks.com/lif72/9.asp
    
  • The Living Earth
    http://www.beyondbooks.com/ear82/11.asp
    

• describe the effects of environmental changes on humans and other populations.
  • Oceanic Ice
    http://www.beyondbooks.com/ear81/4f.asp
    
  • Lakes, Swamps, and Marshes
    http://www.beyondbooks.com/ear81/5a.asp
    
  • Surface Water Systems and Society
    http://www.beyondbooks.com/ear81/5e.asp
    
  • Early Earth History
    http://www.beyondbooks.com/ear82/10d.asp
    
  • Middle to Recent History
    http://www.beyondbooks.com/ear82/10e.asp