NCHE -- U.S. History

From the National Council for History Education's Major Eras and Topics for United States History

I. Three Worlds and Their Encounters in America (Beginnings to 1607)

A. Life in the Americas before the arrival of Europeans and Africans
• Native American Society on the Eve of British Colonization AND ALL FOCUS TOPICS
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush72/1.asp
  

B. Societies and politics of Africa: the evolution of the slave trade
• African Americans in the British New World
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush72/6.asp
  
• West African Society at the Point of European Contact
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush72/6a.asp
  
• 'The Middle Passage'
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush72/6b.asp
  
• The Growth of Slavery
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush72/6c.asp
  

C. European societies, trade, explorations of the 15th and 16th centuries
• Britain in the New World
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush72/2.asp
  
• Early Ventures Fail
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush72/2a.asp
  
• Joint-Stock Companies
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush72/2b.asp
  
• The Middle Colonies
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush72/4.asp
  

D. First contacts between Americans and Europeans; the consequences
• The Algonkian Tribes
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush72/1c.asp
  
• The Iroquois Tribes
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush72/1d.asp
  

E. European conquests and enterprise in the Americas.
• Native American Society on the Eve of British Colonization
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush72/1.asp
  
• Britain in the New World AND ALL FOCUS TOPICS
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush72/2.asp
  

II. The Colonial Era: An Emerging American Identity (1607-1763)

A. Early settlements and colonies
• Britain in the New World AND ALL FOCUS TOPICS
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush72/2.asp
  
• The Middle Colonies AND ALL FOCUS TOPICS
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush72/4.asp
  
• The Southern Colonies AND ALL FOCUS TOPICS
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush72/5.asp
  
• New France
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush72/8a.asp
  

B. Colonists' relations with the Native Americans
• Early Ventures Fail
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush72/2a.asp
  
• The Growth of the Tobacco Trade
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush72/2d.asp
  
• War and Peace with Powhatan's People
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush72/2e.asp
  
• William Bradford and the First Thanksgiving
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush72/3b.asp
  
• Dissent in Massachusetts Bay
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush72/3e.asp
  

C. Colonial labor and North American slavery
• The Growth of the Tobacco Trade
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush72/2d.asp
  
• Maryland - The Catholic Experiment
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush72/5a.asp
  
• Indentured Servants
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush72/5b.asp
  
• Life in the Plantation South
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush72/5e.asp
  
• African Americans in the British New World
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush72/6.asp
  
• 'The Middle Passage'
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush72/6b.asp
  
• Stamp Act Congress
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush72/10a.asp
  

D. Black societies in North America
• African Americans in the British New World
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush72/6.asp
  
• The Growth of Slavery
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush72/6c.asp
  
• Slave Life on the Farm and in the Town
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush72/6d.asp
  
• 'Slave Codes'
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush72/6f.asp
  
• A New African-American Culture
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush72/6g.asp
  
• Revolutionary Changes and Limitations: Slavery
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush81/1d.asp
  
• Mount Vernon and the Dilemma of a Revolutionary Slave Holder
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush81/5e.asp
  
• Gabriel's Rebellion: Another View of Virginia in 1800
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush81/8f.asp
  

E. The family and the role of women in the British colonies
• Puritan Life
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush72/3d.asp
  
• Quakers in Pennsylvania and New Jersey
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush72/4b.asp
  
• Revolutionary Changes and Limitations: Women
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush81/1e.asp
  
• Growing up in Colonial Virginia
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush81/5a.asp
  
• New Roles for White Women
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush81/10e.asp
  

F. Intellectual and religious characteristics of Anglo-American colonials
• The Mayflower and Plymouth Colony
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush72/3a.asp
  
• Massachusetts Bay -- 'The City Upon a Hill'
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush72/3c.asp
  
• Puritan Life
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush72/3d.asp
  
• Dissent in Massachusetts Bay
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush72/3e.asp
  
• Reaching to Connecticut
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush72/3f.asp
  
• Witchcraft in Salem
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush72/3g.asp
  
• Quakers in Pennsylvania and New Jersey
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush72/4b.asp
  
• City of Brotherly Love - Philadelphia
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush72/4c.asp
  
• Maryland - The Catholic Experiment
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush72/5a.asp
  
• Life in the Plantation South
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush72/5e.asp
  
• The Impact of Enlightenment in Europe
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush72/7a.asp
  
• The Great Awakening
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush72/7b.asp
  
• 'What Is the American?'
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush72/7f.asp
  

G. Political and social divergence from England; roots of American radicalism
• The House of Burgesses
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush72/2f.asp
  
• The New England Colonies
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush72/3.asp
  
• The Mayflower and Plymouth Colony
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush72/3a.asp
  
• William Bradford and the First Thanksgiving
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush72/3b.asp
  
• Dissent in Massachusetts Bay
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush72/3e.asp
  
• Reaching to Connecticut
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush72/3f.asp
  
• New Netherland to New York
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush72/4a.asp
  
• Maryland - The Catholic Experiment
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush72/5a.asp
  
• The Beginnings of Revolutionary Thinking
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush72/7.asp
  
• The Impact of Enlightenment in Europe
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush72/7a.asp
  
• The Trial of John Peter Zenger
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush72/7c.asp
  
• Smuggling
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush72/7d.asp
  
• A Tradition of Rebellion
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush72/7e.asp
  

III. Creating a Nation (1763-1815)

A. American responses to the new British imperial system
• America's Place in the Global Struggle AND ALL FOCUS TOPICS
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush72/8.asp
  

B. Escalating crisis; first battles and the Declaration of Independence
• The Events Leading to Independence AND ALL FOCUS TOPICS
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush72/9.asp
  
• E Pluribus Unum AND ALL FOCUS TOPICS
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush72/10.asp
  
• The American Revolution AND ALL FOCUS TOPICS
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush72/11.asp
  
• The Declaration of Independence and Its Legacy
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush81/1a.asp
  

C. The American Revolutionary War
• The American Revolution AND ALL FOCUS TOPICS
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush72/11.asp
  
• Societal Impacts of the American Revolution AND ALL FOCUS TOPICS
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush72/12.asp
  
• The War Experience: Soldiers, Officers, and Civilians
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush81/1b.asp
  
• The Loyalists
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush81/1c.asp
  
• Revolutionary Changes and Limitations: Slavery
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush81/1d.asp
  
• Revolutionary Changes and Limitations: Women
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush81/1e.asp
  
• Revolutionary Changes and Limitations: Women
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush81/1e.asp
  
• Revolutionary Limits: Native Americans
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush81/1f.asp
  
• Revolutionary Achievement: Yeomen and Artisans
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush81/1g.asp
  
• The Age of Atlantic Revolutions
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush81/1h.asp
  

D. The writing of state constitutions (1777-1781)
• State Constitutions
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush81/2a.asp
  

E. National government under the Articles of Confederation (1781-1789)
• Articles of Confederation
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush81/2b.asp
  
• Evaluating the Congress
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush81/2c.asp
  
• The Economic Crisis of the 1780s
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush81/2d.asp
  

F. The Constitutional Convention and the debate over ratification
• Drafting the Constitution AND ALL FOCUS TOPICS
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush81/3.asp
  
• Ratifying the Constitution AND ALL FOCUS TOPICS
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush81/4.asp
  

G. Washington and John Adams; stable government amid political divisions
• George Washington AND ALL FOCUS TOPICS
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush81/5.asp
  
• Unsettled Domestic Issues AND ALL FOCUS TOPICS
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush81/6.asp
  
• Politics in Transition: Public Conflict in the 1790s AND ALL FOCUS TOPICS
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush81/7.asp
  

H. The "peaceful revolution" of 1800: Jefferson's new party
• Jeffersonian America: A Second Revolution? AND ALL FOCUS TOPICS
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush81/8.asp
  

I. The War of 1812
• The Expanding Republic and the War of 1812 AND ALL FOCUS TOPICS
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush81/9.asp
  

IV. Expansion and Reform (1801-1860)

A. Economic nationalism at home; the Monroe Doctrine abroad
• Social Change and National Development
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush81/10.asp
  
• Economic Growth and the Early Industrial Revolution
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush81/10a.asp
  
• The Age of Jackson AND ALL FOCUS TOPICS
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush82/1.asp
  
• The Rise of American Industry AND ALL FOCUS TOPICS
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush82/2.asp
  

B. Revolutions in energy, manufacture, and transportation
• Economic Growth and the Early Industrial Revolution
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush81/10a.asp
  
• The Rise of American Industry
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush82/2.asp
  
• The Canal Era
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush82/2a.asp
  
• Early American Railroads
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush82/2b.asp
  
• Inventors and Inventions
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush82/2c.asp
  
• The First American Factories
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush82/2d.asp
  

C. The Northern economic system
• The Rise of American Industry AND ALL FOCUS TOPICS
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush82/2.asp
  

D. The Southern economic system
• The Peculiar Institution AND ALL FOCUS TOPICS
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush82/4.asp
  

E. American reformers before the Civil War
• The Emergence of 'Women's Sphere'
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush82/2e.asp
  
• Experiments with Utopia
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush82/3b.asp
  
• Women's Rights
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush82/3c.asp
  
• Prison and Asylum Reform
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush82/3d.asp
  
• Rebellions on and off the Plantation
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush82/4e.asp
  
• William Lloyd Garrison and The Liberator
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush82/5a.asp
  
• African-American Abolitionists
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush82/5b.asp
  
• The Underground Railroad
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush82/5c.asp
  
• Harriet Beecher Stowe -- Uncle Tom's Cabin
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush82/5d.asp
  

F. The emergency of an American culture and literature
• An Explosion of New Thought
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush82/3.asp
  
• Religious Revival
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush82/3a.asp
  
• Hudson River School Artists
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush82/3e.asp
  
• Transcendentalism, An American Philosophy
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush82/3f.asp
  
• William Lloyd Garrison and The Liberator
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush82/5a.asp
  
• Harriet Beecher Stowe -- Uncle Tom's Cabin
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush82/5d.asp
  

G. The Jacksonian Era and the new face of politics
• Jacksonian Democracy and Modern America
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush81/11f.asp
  
• The Age of Jackson AND ALL FOCUS TOPICS
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush82/1.asp
  

H. Westward expansion and Indian removal
• The Trail of Tears -- The Indian Removals
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush82/1f.asp
  
• The Canal Era
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush82/2a.asp
  
• Irish and German Immigration
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush82/2f.asp
  
• Experiments with Utopia
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush82/3b.asp
  
• Manifest Destiny AND ALL FOCUS TOPICS
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush82/6.asp
  

I. The sections at odds; the struggle for compromise
• Manifest Destiny AND ALL FOCUS TOPICS
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush82/6.asp
  
• An Uneasy Peace AND ALL FOCUS TOPICS
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush82/7.asp
  
• 'Bloody Kansas' AND ALL FOCUS TOPICS
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush82/8.asp
  
• From Uneasy Peace to Bitter Conflict
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush82/9.asp
  
• The Dred Scott Decision
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush82/9a.asp
  
• The Lincoln-Douglas Debates
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush82/9b.asp
  
• John Brown's Raid
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush82/9c.asp
  

V. The Civil War and Reconstruction (1860-1877)

A. The Election of Abraham Lincoln
• The Lincoln-Douglas Debates
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush82/9b.asp
  
• The Election of 1860
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush82/9d.asp
  

B. Secession and the Federal response
• The South Secedes
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush82/9e.asp
  
• Fort Sumter
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush82/10a.asp
  
• Strengths and Weaknesses: North vs. South
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush82/10b.asp
  
• First Blood and Its Aftermath
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush82/10c.asp
  
• Sacred Beliefs
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush82/10d.asp
  
• Of Generals and Soldiers
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush82/10f.asp
  

C. The Union tested; a divided North goes to war
• Sacred Beliefs
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush82/10d.asp
  
• Bloody Antietam
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush82/10e.asp
  
• Of Generals and Soldiers
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush82/10f.asp
  
• Wartime Diplomacy
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush82/11b.asp
  
• The Northern Homefront
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush82/11c.asp
  
• The Southern Homefront
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush82/11d.asp
  
• The Election of 1864
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush82/11e.asp
  

D. Rising opposition to slavery; the Emancipation Proclamation
• The Emancipation Proclamation
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush82/11a.asp
  

E. The military defeat of the Confederacy
• Strengths and Weaknesses: North vs. South
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush82/10b.asp
  
• Of Generals and Soldiers
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush82/10f.asp
  
• Gettysburg: High Watermark of the Confederacy
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush82/10g.asp
  
• Northern Plans to End the War
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush82/10h.asp
  
• The Road to Appomattox
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush82/10i.asp
  

F. The stages of Reconstruction
• The Election of 1864
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush82/11e.asp
  
• The Assassination of the President
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush82/11f.asp
  
• Reconstruction AND ALL FOCUS TOPICS
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush82/12.asp
  

G. Northern reformism collapses; Southern white power returns
• A President Impeached
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush82/12c.asp
  
• Rebuilding the Old Order
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush82/12d.asp
  

H. The election of 1876; the end of Reconstruction
• Rebuilding the Old Order
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush82/12d.asp
  
• Politics of the Gilded Age
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush11/1f.asp
  

VI. The Making of Modern America (1865-1920)

A. American industrialism; inventions and public policy
• The Gilded Age AND ALL FOCUS TOPICS
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush11/1.asp
  
• The Rush of Immigrants
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush11/3c.asp
  
• Corruption Runs Wild
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush11/3d.asp
  
• The Print Revolution
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush11/4e.asp
  
• The Age of the Automobile
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush11/11a.asp
  
• A Consumer Economy
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush11/11f.asp
  
• Radio Fever
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush11/11g.asp
  
• Books and Movies
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush11/12d.asp
  

B. The American business world and culture
• The Gilded Age AND ALL FOCUS TOPICS
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush11/1.asp
  
• Corruption Runs Wild
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush11/3d.asp
  
• Artistic and Literary Trends
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush11/3f.asp
  
• New Dimensions in Everyday Life AND ALL FOCUS TOPICS
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush11/4.asp
  
• Muckrakers
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush11/7b.asp
  
• The Trust Buster
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush11/8b.asp
  
• Books and Movies
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush11/12d.asp
  

C. Working classes and the changing economy
• Binding the Nation by Rail
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush11/1a.asp
  
• The New Tycoons: Andrew Carnegie
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush11/1c.asp
  
• The New Tycoons: J. Pierpont Morgan
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush11/1d.asp
  
• New Attitudes Toward Wealth
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush11/1e.asp
  
• Politics of the Gilded Age
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush11/1f.asp
  
• Organized Labor AND ALL FOCUS TOPICS
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush11/2.asp
  
• Muckrakers
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush11/7b.asp
  
• A Helping Hand for Labor
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush11/8c.asp
  
• Domestic and International Politics
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush11/12e.asp
  

D. Immigration, migration and city life in America
• Binding the Nation by Rail
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush11/1a.asp
  
• New Attitudes Toward Wealth
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush11/1e.asp
  
• The Glamour of American Cities
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush11/3a.asp
  
• The Underside of Urban Life
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush11/3b.asp
  
• The Rush of Immigrants
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush11/3c.asp
  
• Corruption Runs Wild
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush11/3d.asp
  
• Education
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush11/4a.asp
  
• Muckrakers
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush11/7b.asp
  

E. The end of the frontier; devastation of Native American tribes
• Women in the Gilded Age
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush11/4c.asp
  
• Closing the Frontier AND ALL FOCUS TOPICS
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush11/5.asp
  
• The Mining Boom
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush11/6a.asp
  
• The Ways of the Cowboy
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush11/6b.asp
  

F. Crisis and loss on the American farm; the Populist movement
• Life on the Farm
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush11/6c.asp
  
• The Growth of Populism
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush11/6d.asp
  
• The Election of 1896
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush11/6e.asp
  

G. The Progressive movement; accomplishments and limitations
• Religious Revival: The 'Social Gospel'
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush11/3e.asp
  
• Progressivism Sweeps the Nation AND ALL FOCUS TOPICS
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush11/7.asp
  

H. Theodore Roosevelt and Woodrow Wilson; national progressivism
• Progressives in the White House
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush11/8.asp
  
• The Election of 1912
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush11/8f.asp
  
• Woodrow Wilson's New Freedom
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush11/8g.asp
  

I. The American version of imperialism
• Seeking Empire AND ALL FOCUS TOPICS
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush11/9.asp
  

VII. The United States and the Two World Wars (1914-1945)

A. America and the World War of 1914-1918
• America in the First World War AND ALL FOCUS TOPICS
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush11/10.asp
  

B. Harding, Coolidge, Hoover: the return to laissez-faire
• Domestic and International Politics
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush11/12e.asp
  

C. The Jazz Age; the culture of the prosperous
• The Decade That Roared AND ALL FOCUS TOPICS
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush11/11.asp
  

D. Underside of the 1920's; poverty, racism, nativism
• Old Values vs. New Values AND ALL FOCUS TOPICS
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush11/12.asp
  

E. Economic fault lines; the coming of the Great Depression
• Domestic and International Politics
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush11/12e.asp
  
• The Market Crashes
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush12/1a.asp
  
• The Glamour of American Cities
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush11/3a.asp
  

F. Americans and the Depression; election of Franklin Roosevelt
• The Great Depression AND ALL FOCUS TOPICS
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush12/1.asp
  

G. FDR's New Deal for labor and business; enemies on Right and Left
• The New Deal AND ALL FOCUS TOPICS
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush12/2.asp
  

H. Women, blacks, the poor, and the young in the New Deal
• The New Deal AND ALL FOCUS TOPICS
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush12/2.asp
  

I. Roosevelt and the gathering storms in Europe and Asia
• 1930s Isolationism
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush12/3a.asp
  
• Reactions to a Troubled World
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush12/3b.asp
  
• War Breaks Out
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush12/3c.asp
  

J. Pearl Harbor; the "Arsenal of Democracy" joins the war
• The Arsenal of Democracy
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush12/3d.asp
  
• Pearl Harbor
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush12/3e.asp
  

K. From defeat to victory: the course and costs of total war
• America in the Second World War AND ALL FOCUS TOPICS
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush12/4.asp
  

VIII. Contemporary America (1945 to the present)

A. Widespread ruin and the Cold War bring forth a new American foreign policy
• The Cold War Erupts
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush12/5a.asp
  
• The United Nations
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush12/5b.asp
  
• Containment and the Marshall Plan
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush12/5c.asp
  
• The Berlin Airlift and NATO
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush12/5d.asp
  
• The Korean War
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush12/5e.asp
  

B. The Truman years; the Fair Deal, red scares, the Korean War
• Domestic Challenges
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush12/5f.asp
  
• McCarthyism
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush12/6a.asp
  
• Suburban Growth
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush12/6b.asp
  

C. Eisenhower's "modern Republicanism" at home; the Cold War abroad
• The 1950s: Happy Days
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush12/6.asp
  
• McCarthyism
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush12/6a.asp
  
• The Cold War Continues
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush12/6e.asp
  
• Voices against Conformity
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush12/6f.asp
  
• Showdown in Little Rock
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush12/7c.asp
  

D. American society and culture of the 1950s; changes, open and hidden
• The 1950s: Happy Days
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush12/6.asp
  
• Suburban Growth
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush12/6b.asp
  
• Land of Television
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush12/6c.asp
  
• America Rocks and Rolls
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush12/6d.asp
  
• The Cold War Continues
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush12/6e.asp
  
• Voices against Conformity
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush12/6f.asp
  

E. John F. Kennedy's "New Frontier" at home; countering the USSR abroad
• The Election of 1960
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush12/9a.asp
  
• Kennedy's New Frontier
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush12/9b.asp
  
• Kennedy's Global Challenges
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush12/9c.asp
  

F. Lyndon Johnson: civil rights, the "Great Society," and the Vietnam War
• A New Civil Rights Movement AND ALL FOCUS TOPICS
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush12/7.asp
  
• The Vietnam War AND ALL FOCUS TOPICS
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush12/8.asp
  
• Kennedy Assassination
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush12/9d.asp
  
• Lyndon Johnson's 'Great Society'
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush12/9e.asp
  
• 1968: Year of Unraveling
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush12/9f.asp
  

G. The 1960s and 1970s: the many faces of social and cultural upheaval
• The Antiwar Movement
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush12/8d.asp
  
• Lyndon Johnson's 'Great Society'
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush12/9e.asp
  
• 1968: Year of Unraveling
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush12/9f.asp
  
• Modern Feminism
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush12/10a.asp
  
• The Fight for Reproductive Rights
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush12/10b.asp
  
• The Equal Rights Amendment
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush12/10c.asp
  
• Roe v. Wade and Its Impact
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush12/10d.asp
  
• Environmental Reform
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush12/10e.asp
  
• Others Demand Equality
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush12/10f.asp
  
• Student Activism
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush12/10g.asp
  
• Flower Power
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush12/10h.asp
  

H. Richard Nixon's "modern Republicanism II," China, and Watergate
• Triangular Diplomacy: U.S., USSR, and China
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush12/9g.asp
  
• Undoing a President
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush12/11a.asp
  
• The Sickened Economy
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush12/11b.asp
  
• Foreign Woes
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush12/11c.asp
  

I. Ford and Carter: change, conflict, and uncertainties at home and abroad
• The Sickened Economy
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush12/11b.asp
  
• Foreign Woes
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush12/11c.asp
  
• Finding Oneself
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush12/11d.asp
  
• The New Right
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush12/11e.asp
  

J. The Reagan years: return of older Republicanism
• The Reagan Years AND ALL FOCUS TOPICS
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush12/12.asp
  

K. Bush and Clinton: America, superpower amid world disorder
• The End of the Cold War
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush12/12e.asp
  
• Toward a New Millennium AND ALL FOCUS TOPICS
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush12/13.asp