Massachusetts History and Social Science Curriculum Framework for World History -- Grades 5-10

From the Massachusetts Department of Education

1. Human Beginnings and Early Civilizations (Prehistory to 1000 B.C.)

a. Human origins and early life; the work and findings of archaeologists
• Archaeologists and Their Artifacts
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/wcu81/1a.asp
  
• Anthropologists and Their People
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/wcu81/1b.asp
  
• Historians and Their Time
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/wcu81/1c.asp
  
• Prehistoric Times
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/wcu81/2.asp
  
• Painting before 1300
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/art11/2.asp
  
• Prehistoric Painting
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/art11/2a.asp
  

b. Earth's geography: climate, soil, waters, topography, and human migration
• Geographers and Their Space
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/wcu81/1d.asp
  

c. The agricultural revolution; Neolithic technology and its effects on human life
• Prehistoric Times
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/wcu81/2.asp
  
• A Page Right Out of History
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/wcu81/2c.asp
  
• First Technologies: Fire and Tools
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/wcu81/2d.asp
  
• The Early Middle East
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/wcu81/4.asp
  

d. Early civilizations in Mesopotamia, Egypt, China, India
• How Do We Know?
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/wcu81/1.asp
  
• Geographers and Their Space
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/wcu81/1d.asp
  
• Ancient Egypt AND ALL FOCUS TOPICS
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/wcu81/3.asp
  
• Prehistoric Times
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/wcu81/2.asp
  
• Life in Sumer
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/wcu81/4a.asp
  
• Babylonia
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/wcu81/4b.asp
  
• Hammurabi's Code: An Eye for an Eye
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/wcu81/4c.asp
  
• Assyrians: Cavalry and Conquests
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/wcu81/4d.asp
  
• Persian Empire
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/wcu81/4e.asp
  
• Early Civilization in the Indus Valley
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/wcu81/8a.asp
  
• Painting before 1300
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/art11/2.asp
  
• Egyptian Painting
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/art11/2b.asp
  
• Aegean Frescoes
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/art11/2c.asp
  

2. Classical Civilizations of the Ancient World (1000 B.C. to c. 500 A.D.)

a. Ancient Israelites; central teachings and legacies of Judaism
• Phoenicians: Sailing Away
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/wcu81/4f.asp
  

b. Greek civilization: literature, philosophy, arts, and science

ttp://www.beyondbooks.com/wcu81/5.asp

• Gods, Goddesses, and Heroes
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/wcu81/5c.asp
  
• Greek Literature
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/wcu81/5d.asp
  
• Art and Architecture
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/wcu81/5e.asp
  
• Thinkers
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/wcu81/5f.asp
  
• The Olympic Games
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/wcu81/5h.asp
  
• Greek and Roman Painting
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/art11/2d.asp
  

c. Athenian democracy: principles, practices, and legacy
• Rise of City-States: Athens and Sparta
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/wcu81/5a.asp
  
• Democracy Is Born
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/wcu81/5b.asp
  

d. Alexander the Great and the spread of Hellenism
• Assyrians: Cavalry and Conquests
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/wcu81/4d.asp
  
• Thinkers
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/wcu81/5f.asp
  
• Alexander the Great
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/wcu81/5g.asp
  

e. Institutions, culture, and legacies of the Roman Republic and Empire
• Ancient Rome AND ALL FOCUS TOPICS
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/wcu81/6.asp
  
• Greek and Roman Painting
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/art11/2d.asp
  

f. The classical civilization of India; Hinduism, Buddhism
• The Caste System
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/wcu81/8b.asp
  
• The Rise of Hinduism
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/wcu81/8c.asp
  
• The Birth and Spread of Buddhism
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/wcu81/8d.asp
  
• The Gupta Period of India
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/wcu81/8e.asp
  
• Tang Dynasty -- The Golden Age
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/wcu81/9d.asp
  
• Japanese Religion and Spirituality
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/wcu81/10a.asp
  
• The Art of India
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/art11/10b.asp
  

g. The classical civilization of China; Confucianism, Taoism
• Han Dynasty -- Cultural Heights
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/wcu81/9c.asp
  
• Tang Dynasty -- The Golden Age
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/wcu81/9d.asp
  
• Taoism and Confucianism -- Ancient Philosophies
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/wcu81/9e.asp
  

h. Origins, central teachings, and spread of Christianity
• Hebrews and the Land of Milk and Honey
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/wcu81/4g.asp
  
• The Fall of the Roman Empire
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/wcu81/6f.asp
  
• Early Medieval Painting
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/art11/2e.asp
  

i. The decline and fall of the Roman Empire; historians' debates
• The Fall of the Roman Empire
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/wcu81/6f.asp
  

3. Growth of Agricultural and Commercial Civilizations (500 to 1500 A.D.)

a. The Byzantine Empire: institutions, religion, and culture
• The Fall of the Roman Empire
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/wcu81/6f.asp
  
• Early Medieval Painting
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/art11/2e.asp
  

b. The origins and principles of Islam; spread of Muslim power
• Birth of Christianity
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/wcu81/4h.asp
  
• Life on the Desert
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/wcu81/7e.asp
  
• Islamic Art
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/art11/10a.asp
  

c. Components of early European civilization: Roman, Christian, invaders

d. Western feudalism, manorialism, religion; the three social estates

e. The Middle Empire in China; trade and arts; Chinese Buddhism

• Han Dynasty -- Cultural Heights
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/wcu81/9c.asp
  
• Tang Dynasty -- The Golden Age
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/wcu81/9d.asp
  
• The Art of China
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/art11/10d.asp
  

f. Japan's classical age; Shintoism, Buddhism, Sino-Japanese culture
• Japan: An Island Nation
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/wcu81/10.asp
  
• Japanese Religion and Spirituality
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/wcu81/10a.asp
  
• Early History and Culture
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/wcu81/10b.asp
  
• Feudal Japan: The Age of the Warrior
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/wcu81/10c.asp
  
• The Martial Arts
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/wcu81/10d.asp
  
• The Art of Japan
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/art11/10e.asp
  

g. Kiev and Muscovy; Russia and the Mongol Empire

h. Africa: cities and states; gold, salt, and slave trade; Muslim expansion

• Africa AND ALL FOCUS TOPICS
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/wcu81/7.asp
  

i. Societies of pre-Columbian America: Mayan, Incan, Aztec
• Central and South American Empires AND ALL FOCUS TOPICS
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/wcu81/11.asp
  

j. Europe in the high Middle Ages; monarchs, parliaments, church, and culture

4. Emergence of a Global Age (1450 to 1750)

a. The Italian Renaissance: economic, social, and political bases
• Renaissance Painting in Italy AND ALL FOCUS TOPICS
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/art11/4.asp
  
• The Renaissance
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/eur11/1.asp
  
• Why Italy?
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/eur11/1a.asp
  
• Life in Renaissance Italy
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/eur11/1e.asp
  

b. Works and legacies of Renaissance artists and humanists, South and North
• The High Renaissance
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/eur11/1c.asp
  
• The Renaissance of Letters
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/eur11/1d.asp
  
• The Northern Renaissance
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/eur11/1f.asp
  
• Renaissance Painting in Italy AND ALL FOCUS TOPICS
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/art11/4.asp
  
• The Northern Renaissance
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/art11/5.asp
  

c. Leaders, ideas, contending forces, and religious change in the Reformation era
• The Protestant Reformation AND ALL FOCUS TOPICS
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/eur11/3.asp
  
• The Wars of Religion AND ALL FOCUS TOPICS
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/eur11/4.asp
  
• The Northern Renaissance
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/art11/5.asp
  
• Vanity and the Evolution of the Still Life
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/art11/5e.asp
  
• Two Hundred Years of the Baroque
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/art11/6.asp
  
• Mannerism and Eclecticism in Italian Art
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/art11/6a.asp
  
• The Early Baroque in Italy and Spain
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/art11/6b.asp
  
• Rubens and His Debt to Italy
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/art11/6c.asp
  
• Rembrandt van Rijn
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/art11/6d.asp
  

d. China under Ming and Manchu dynasties; agriculture, trade, and cities

e. Japanese unity under the Tokugawa Shogunate; the closing inward

• Feudal Japan: The Age of the Warrior
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/wcu81/10c.asp
  
• The Martial Arts
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/wcu81/10d.asp
  
• Life During the Edo Period
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/wcu81/10e.asp
  
• The Art of Japan
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/art11/10e.asp
  

f. European expansion and exploration; economic and technological forces
• Europeans Explore
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/eur11/2.asp
  
• New Technologies
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/eur11/2a.asp
  
• A Path to India
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/eur11/2b.asp
  
• The Fateful Journey of Christopher Columbus
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/eur11/2c.asp
  
• Later Explorers
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/eur11/2f.asp
  
• The Golden Age of the Dutch
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/eur11/7f.asp
  

g. European conquests, colonization, and consequences in the Americas
• New World Conquest
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/eur11/2d.asp
  
• The Effects of Exploration
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/eur11/2e.asp
  

h. Absolute monarchies and constitutional governments
• The Sun King Reigns in France AND ALL FOCUS TOPICS
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/eur11/5.asp
  
• Absolutism in the East AND ALL FOCUS TOPICS
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/eur11/6.asp
  
• Constitutional Democracy Stirs
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/eur11/7.asp
  

5. The Age of Revolutionary Change (1700 to 1914)

a. The Scientific Revolution; earlier discoveries; new "laws" of nature
• The Scientific Revolution AND ALL FOCUS TOPICS
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/eur11/9.asp
  

b. The Enlightenment in Europe and America
• The Age of Reason AND ALL FOCUS TOPICS
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/eur11/10.asp
  
• Corruption in the Clergy
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/eur11/3a.asp
  
• Neoclassicism
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/art11/8a.asp
  
• Quakers in Pennsylvania and New Jersey
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush72/4b.asp
  
• City of Brotherly Love - Philadelphia
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush72/4c.asp
  
• The Beginnings of Revolutionary Thinking
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush72/7.asp
  
• The Impact of Enlightenment in Europe
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush72/7a.asp
  

c. Origins, stages, and consequences of the American and French Revolutions
• The Renaissance
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/eur11/1.asp
  
• Revolution in France AND ALL FOCUS TOPICS
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/eur11/11.asp
  
• The Age of Napoleon AND ALL FOCUS TOPICS
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/eur11/12.asp
  
• City of Brotherly Love - Philadelphia
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush72/4c.asp
  
• The Beginnings of Revolutionary Thinking AND ALL FOCUS TOPICS
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush72/7.asp
  
• The Treaty of Paris (1763) and Its Impact
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush72/8d.asp
  
• The Events Leading to Independence AND ALL FOCUS TOPICS
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush72/9.asp
  
• E Pluribus Unum AND ALL FOCUS TOPICS
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush72/10.asp
  
• The American Revolution AND ALL FOCUS TOPICS
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush72/11.asp
  
• Societal Impacts of the American Revolution AND ALL FOCUS TOPICS
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush72/12.asp
  
• When Does the Revolution End? AND ALL FOCUS TOPICS
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush81/1.asp
  
• Making Rules AND ALL FOCUS TOPICS
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush81/2.asp
  
• Drafting the Constitution AND ALL FOCUS TOPICS
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush81/3.asp
  
• Ratifying the Constitution AND ALL FOCUS TOPICS
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush81/4.asp
  
• George Washington AND ALL FOCUS TOPICS
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush81/5.asp
  

d. Latin America; wars for independence; economic and social stratification
• The Age of Atlantic Revolutions
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush81/1h.asp
  

e. Agricultural and Industrial Revolutions in the Western world
• Family Life
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/eur11/8b.asp
  
• Industrialization and Industrial Society AND ALL FOCUS TOPICS
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/eur12/3.asp
  
• The Rise of American Industry AND ALL FOCUS TOPICS
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush82/2.asp
  
• Social Change and National Development
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush81/10.asp
  
• Economic Growth and the Early Industrial Revolution
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush81/10a.asp
  
• Cotton and African-American Life
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush81/10b.asp
  
• Religious Transformation and the Second Great Awakening
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush81/10c.asp
  
• Romanticism
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/art11/8b.asp
  

f. Cities and urban life of the 19th century
• From the Countryside to the City
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush11/3.asp
  
• New Dimensions in Everyday Life
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush11/4.asp
  
• The Liberal Reaction
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/eur12/1c.asp
  
• Realism
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/art11/8c.asp
  
• Romanticism
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/art11/8b.asp
  

g. Democratic and social reform in Europe; evolutions and revolutions
• Conservatism and Liberalism After Napoleon AND ALL FOCUS TOPICS
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/eur12/1.asp
  
• The Russian Empire under Alexander II
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/eur12/2e.asp
  
• Marxism and Socialism
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/eur12/3d.asp
  
• British Suffragettes: Fighting for the Right to Vote
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/eur12/5e.asp
  
• Organized Labor
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush11/2.asp
  

h. Rising European nationalism; motives for the new Western imperialism
• Nationalism and Unification AND ALL FOCUS TOPICS
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/eur12/2.asp
  
• The New Imperialism
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/eur12/4.asp
  
• Darwinism and Its Social Implications
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/eur12/4e.asp
  

i. Chinese resistance to colonialism; the Chinese Revolution
• East Meets West: Opium Wars, Open Doors, and Boxers
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/eur12/4d.asp
  

j. Japan's modernization and rise to world power
• East Meets West: Opium Wars, Open Doors, and Boxers
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/eur12/4d.asp
  
• Reaching to Asia
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush11/9f.asp
  

k. Dawn of the 20th century; Western optimism and counter-currents
• The Glamour of American Cities
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush11/3a.asp
  
• Fin de Siècle Vienna
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/eur12/5a.asp
  
• Freud and Modern Consciousness
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/eur12/5b.asp
  
• A New Scientific Revolution
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/eur12/5c.asp
  
• The Early Moderns: Terror and Wonder in the 20th Century AND ALL FOCUS TOPICS
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/lam11/12.asp
  
• The New Landscape: Americans Feel the Pain AND ALL FOCUS TOPICS
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/lam12/1.asp
  

6. The World in the Era of Great Wars (1900 to 1945)

a. World War I: causes, military course, and consequences
• The War to End All Wars
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/eur12/6.asp
  
• The Assassination and Its Aftermath
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/eur12/6a.asp
  
• Welcoming the War
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/eur12/6b.asp
  
• Life in the Trenches
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/eur12/6c.asp
  
• Home Fronts in Europe
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/eur12/6d.asp
  
• The Treaty of Versailles
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/eur12/6f.asp
  
• America in the First World War AND ALL FOCUS TOPICS
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush11/10.asp
  

b. The Russian Revolutions of 1917; ideas and practices of Bolsheviks
• The Russian Revolution
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/eur12/6e.asp
  

c. Paris Conference, Versailles Treaty; aims and conflicts of divided Allies
• The Treaty of Versailles and the League of Nations
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush11/10d.asp
  
• The Russian Revolution
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/eur12/6e.asp
  
• The Treaty of Versailles
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/eur12/6f.asp
  

d. After-effects of war and colonialism, West and East http://www.beyondbooks.com/eur12/6e.asp
• The Depression and the Rise of Totalitarianism
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/eur12/7.asp
  
• Hitler's Rise to Power
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/eur12/7a.asp
  

e. The Great Depression: causes and worldwide consequences
• The Depression and the Rise of Totalitarianism
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/eur12/7.asp
  
• Hitler's Rise to Power
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/eur12/7a.asp
  
• The Great Depression
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush12/1.asp
  
• Steinbeck and the Social Conscience
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/lam12/3b.asp
  
• Grapes of Wrath
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/lam12/3c.asp
  
• Of Mice and Men
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/lam12/3d.asp
  

f. International Communism; Leninist/Stalinist totalitarianism in Russia
• The Russian Revolution
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/eur12/6e.asp
  
• Stalin's Russia
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/eur12/7e.asp
  

g. International Fascism; Italy, Spain; Nazi totalitarianism in Germany
• The Depression and the Rise of Totalitarianism
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/eur12/7.asp
  
• Hitler's Rise to Power
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/eur12/7a.asp
  
• Under Nazi Rule
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/eur12/7b.asp
  
• Mussolini's Italy
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/eur12/7c.asp
  
• Franco's Spain and the Spanish Civil War
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/eur12/7d.asp
  
• 'Los Tres Grandes' -- The Great Mexican Muralists
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/art11/9e.asp
  

h. Liberal democracies in danger; economic, social, and political crises

i. Origins and responsibilities for World War II in Europe and Asia

• World War II AND ALL FOCUS TOPICS
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/eur12/8.asp
  
• The Road to Pearl Harbor
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush12/3.asp
  

j. World War II: geography, leaders, military factors, and turning points
• Hitler's Rise to Power
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/eur12/7a.asp
  
• Under Nazi Rule
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/eur12/7b.asp
  
• World War II
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/eur12/8.asp
  
• America in the Second World War
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush12/4.asp
  

k. The human toll of 20th century wars and genocides; the Holocaust
• The War to End All Wars
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/eur12/6.asp
  
• Franco's Spain and the Spanish Civil War
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/eur12/7d.asp
  
• Hitler's Rise to Power
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/eur12/7a.asp
  
• World War II
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/eur12/8.asp
  
• The Holocaust
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/eur12/8d.asp
  

7. The World from 1945 to the Present

a. Origins of the Cold War; the divided victors of World War II
• Postwar Challenges
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush12/5.asp
  
• The Cold War Erupts
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush12/5a.asp
  
• The United Nations
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush12/5b.asp
  
• Containment and the Marshall Plan
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush12/5c.asp
  
• The Berlin Airlift and NATO
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush12/5d.asp
  

b. Rebuilding and reform in postwar Europe and Japan
• The United Nations
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush12/5b.asp
  
• Containment and the Marshall Plan
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush12/5c.asp
  

c. New nations in Africa and Asia; the end of European colonialism

d. Cold War in Europe; Marshall Plan; NATO; Iron Curtain, Warsaw Pact

• Postwar Challenges
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush12/5.asp
  
• The Cold War Erupts
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush12/5a.asp
  
• The United Nations
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush12/5b.asp
  
• Containment and the Marshall Plan
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush12/5c.asp
  
• The Berlin Airlift and NATO
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush12/5d.asp
  
• Kennedy's Global Challenges
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush12/9c.asp
  
• Political Resistance in Eastern Europe
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/eur12/11c.asp
  
• Tito's Yugoslavia
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/eur12/11d.asp
  

e. Cold War in Asia; Chinese Communist Revolution; wars in Korea and Vietnam
• The Korean War
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush12/5e.asp
  
• The Cold War Continues
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush12/6e.asp
  
• The Vietnam War AND ALL FOCUS TOPICS
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush12/8.asp
  

f. East/West duels for the non-aligned: Asia, Africa, Central and South America
• Foreign and Domestic Entanglements
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush12/12c.asp
  

g. The Soviet Empire collapses; post-Cold War locales of world disorder
• Political Resistance in Eastern Europe
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/eur12/11c.asp
  
• Europe Reunited
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/eur12/12.asp
  
• The Collapse of the Soviet Union
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/eur12/12a.asp
  
• The Reunification of Germany
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/eur12/12b.asp
  
• The New Right
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush12/11e.asp
  

h. Persistent nationalism, militarism; conflicts of race, religion, and ethnicity
• Operation Desert Storm
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush12/13a.asp
  
• Yugoslavia Breakup: Nationalism & Ethnic Cleansing
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/eur12/12c.asp
  

i. Democracy and human rights; advances and retreats since 1945
• A New Civil Rights Movement AND ALL FOCUS TOPICS
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush12/7.asp
  
• Shaping a New America AND ALL FOCUS TOPICS
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush12/10.asp
  

j. The changing world economy; limits on national sovereignty and priorities
• The European Union and European Identity
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/eur12/12d.asp
  
• The End of the American Century
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush12/13e.asp
  

k. New boundaries and issues in science, technology, and culture
• Living in the Information Age
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/ush12/13d.asp
  
• Existentialism
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/eur12/11a.asp
  
• Social Protest in Western Europe
  http://www.beyondbooks.com/eur12/11b.asp