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RATINGS: Sites are rated from 1 owl (good) to a high of 5 owls. Read more- Louis Napoleon's Speech at Bordeaux
On October 9, 1852, Louis Napoleon announced in a speech at Bordeaux that he was ready to dissolve the Second Republic of France and assume the throne of a Second Empire. In this brief excerpt from his speech, published by W. W. Norton, Napoleon III puts forth his vision of a unified and industrial France free from the political strife of a republic.
- The Civil War in France
This Colorado State University site focuses on Marxist interpretations of the Paris Commune. Included are several speeches by Karl Marx on the subject of the Franco-Prussian War, as well as writings by Engels and Lenin in later years. Also available is an archive of contemporary news stories about the Commune.
Chronology of the Paris Commune Here is a detailed timeline of the Commune.
- Adolphe Thiers Biography
Adolphe Thiers crushed the Paris Commune and became the president of France. But did you know he also wrote a history of the French Revolution? Or that he was fired from his job by King Louis-Philippe? This illustrated biography of Thiers, from the official Versailles site, traces the long and illustrious career of a progressive thinker who employed authoritarian tactics and was hailed as the "liberator" of France.
- Beyond the Pale — The Dreyfus Affair
The spying conviction of Alfred Dreyfus, a Jewish officer in the French army, polarized the French public into Dreyfusards and Anti-Dreyfusards. The affair brought anti-Semitism to the forefront of French society and involved many of France's most important citizens, including author Émile Zola. Here is a well-illustrated summary of the case from Beyond the Pale, an online exhibit on anti-Semitism.
- Paris Commune 1871
This well-researched and well-designed megasite from an Australian scholar of the Paris Commune includes a good summary of the Commune's history, a lengthy links page, and many illustrations. Especially interesting is the archive of newspaper articles written about the Commune by Australian journalists of the 19th century. This site is a good place to start online research into the Commune.
- Gulf War U.S. Press Censorship
The French government isn't the only one that's censored the press. In 1991, the United States government put a lid on the press during the Gulf War in order to protect the lives of American troops. This article reveals what topics the media were not permitted to discuss.
French Nationalism: Making Peasants into Citizens
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